Trauma Systems Design and Development
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Fitzgerald MC. ‘Field and Accident Site Resuscitation’. Med J Aust 1991;154: 299-300
Fitzgerald MC, Spencer J. ‘The Doctor’s Emergency Kit’. ANZ J Surg. 1999; 69: 594-596
Danne P, Brazenor G, Cade R, Crossley P, Fitzgerald M, Gregory P, Kowal D, Lovell L, Morley P, Smith M, Taylor R, Walker S. ‘The Major Trauma Management Study: An Analysis of the Efficacy of Current Trauma Care’. ANZ J Surg, 1998; 68: 50-57
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Atkin A, Freedman I, Rosenfeld JV, Fitzgerald M, Kossmann T. ‘The Evolution of an Integrated State Trauma System in Victoria, Australia’. Injury; 36(11):1277-1287, November 2005. DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2005.05.011
Bushby N, Fitzgerald M, Cameron P, Marasco S, Bystrzycki A. ‘Factors associated with unexpected survival of patients with major thoracic blunt trauma’. Emergency Medicine Australasia (2005) 17;443-449
Fitzgerald M, Dewan Y, O’Reilly G, Mathew J, McKenna C. ‘India and the Management of Road Crashes: Towards a National Trauma System’. Indian J Surg, Aug 2006;68(4):237-43
Davey T, Pollard C, Aitken L, Fitzgerald M, Bellamy N, Cass D, Danne P, Griggs W, Cameron P, Atkinson R, Hamill J, Rao S, Richardson D, O’Connor C. ‘Tackling the burden of injury in Australasia: developing a binational trauma registry’. MJA 2006; 185:512-514
Ashour A, Cameron P, Bernard S, Fitzgerald M, Smith K, Walker T. ‘Could Bystander First-Aid Prevent Trauma Deaths at the Scene of Injury?’ Emer Med Australas 2007;19:163-168. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2007.00948
O'Reilly G, Fitzgerald M, Ariyananda PL, Williams S, Smith L, Jones T, Charlton S, Young S, Dziukas L, Fisher Z, Wragg S, Burke E. ‘In the wake of Sri Lanka's tsunami: the health for the south capacity-building project’. Emerg Med Australas. 2008 Apr;20(2):175-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2008.01071
Cameron PA, Mitra B, Fitzgerald M, Scheinkestel CD, Stripp A, Batey C, Niggemeyer L, Truesdale M, Holman P, Mehra R, Wasiak J, Cleland H. ‘Black Saturday - The immediate impact of the February 2009 bushfires in Victoria, Australia’. Med J Aust. 2009; 191:11-16
Zalstein S, Danne P, Taylor D, Cameron P, McLellan S, Fitzgerald M, Kossmann T, Patrick I, Walker T, Crameri J, Bailey M, Magilton G. ‘The Victorian Major Trauma Transfer Study’, Injury 2010 Jan;41(1):102-9
Evans SM, Murray A, Patrick I, Fitzgerald M, Smith S, Andrianopoulos N, Cameron P. ‘Assessing clinical handover between paramedics and the trauma team’. Injury 41 (2010) 460–464
Luo G, Peng Y, Yuan Z, Cheng W, Wu J, Tang J, Huang Y, Fitzgerald M. ‘Fluid resuscitation for major burn patients with the TMMU protocol.’ Burns Volume 35, Issue 8, December 2009, 1118-1123
Luo L, Peng Y, Yuan Z, Liu Y, Cheng W, Huang Y, Li X, Fitzgerald M, Wu J. ‘Inhalation injury in southwest China - The evolution of care’. Burns, June 2010; 36(4): 506-510. DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2009.07.008
Fitzgerald M. ‘Pre-hospital airway management’, Emerg Med J 2010;27:172. DOI:10.1136/emj.2009.090316
Charlton S, O’Reilly G, Jones T, Fitzgerald M. ‘Emergency care in developing nations: The role of emergency nurses in Galle, Sri Lanka’. Australas Emerg Nurs J (2011), doi:10.1016/j.aenj.2011.03.004.
O’Reilly GM, Fitzgerald M, Dewan Y, Chou K, Mathew J, Peters N. ‘The Alfred Trauma Team Training Program in India and Sri Lanka’. Emergency Medicine Australasia (2011) 23, 632–639. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2011.01459
Fitzgerald M, Jamieson J, Tee JW, Dewan Y. ‘Trauma systems development challenges the conventional medical hierarchy’. Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2011, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 67-70. DOI:10.1016/S0973-0508(11)80002
Gabbe B, Cameron P, Simpson P, Wolfe R, Sutherland A, Fitzgerald M, Judson R. ‘Improved functional outcomes for major trauma patients in a regionalised, inclusive trauma system’. Ann Surg. 2012 Jun;255(6):1009-15. DOI:10.1097/SLA.0b013e31824c4b91
Belinda J Gabbe, Ronan A Lyons, Mark Fitzgerald, Rodney Judson, Jeffrey Richardson, Peter A Cameron. ‘Reduced population burden of road transport-related major trauma following introduction of an inclusive trauma system.’ Annals of Surgery Jan 2014; 1-8. DOI:10.1097/SLA.0000000000000522
Anneliese Synnot, Adrian Karlsson, Lisa Brichko, Melissa Chee, Mark Fitzgerald, Mahesh C Misra, Teresa Howard, Joseph Mathew, Thomas Rotter, Michelle Fiander, Russell L Gruen, Amit Gupta, Satish Dharap, Madonna Fahey, Michael Stephenson, Gerard O'Reilly, Peter Cameron and Biswadev Mitra on behalf of the Australia-India Trauma System Collaboration. ‘Prehospital notification for major trauma patients requiring emergency hospital transport: a systematic review’, Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 3 May 2017, DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12256
Biswadev Mitra, Joseph Mathew, Amit Gupta, Peter Cameron, Gerard O’Reilly, Kapil Dev Soni, Gaurav Kaushik, Teresa Howard, Madonna Fahey, Michael Stephenson, Vineet Kumar, Sharad Vyas, Satish Dharap, Pankaj Patel, Advait Thakor, Naveen Sharma, Tony Walker, Mahesh Chandra Misra, Russell Gruen, Mark Christopher Fitzgerald. ‘Protocol for a prospective observational study to improve prehospital notification of injured patients presenting to trauma centres in India.’ BMJ Open 7(7) 2017, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014073
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O’Reilly G M, Fitzgerald M C, Ariyananda P L, Williams S, Jayasekera K, Munasinghe A K, Uluwattage W H, Seneviratne R, Pathmawathie I G, Charlton S, Chou K, Mathew J, Smit D V, Cameron P A. ‘Delivering emergency and trauma care in Sri Lanka in 2017 – A decade of change and leadership by the Emergency Treatment Unit of Teaching Hospital Karapitiya’. Journal of the Ceylon College of Physicians, 48:1, 2017. 15-19
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Fitzgerald M C, O’Reilly G M, Seneviratne R, Ellawala R, Cameron P A. ‘Towards a Sri Lankan National Trauma System’. Journal of the Ceylon College of Physicians, 48:1, 2017. 24-25
Mark C Fitzgerald, Kate Curtis, Peter A Cameron, Jane E Ford, Teresa S Howard, John A Crozier, Ailene Fitzgerald, Russell L Gruen and Clifford Pollard on behalf of the AusTQIP Consortium. ‘The Australian Trauma Registry.’ ANZ J Surg. December 2018. doi:10.1111/ans.14940
Gerard O’Reilly, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘Integrating Trauma Registry Data into Real-Time Patient Care’, Emergency Medicine Australia. December 2018. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.13217
Mark C Fitzgerald, Patryck Lloyd-Donald, De Villiers Smit, Joseph Mathew, Yesul Kim, Jin Tee, Yashbir Dewan, Biswadev Mitra. ‘Prehospital ground transport rapid sequence intubation for trauma and traumatic brain injury outcomes.’ Annals of Surgery, March 2019, 269(3), e29-e30. doi:10.1097/sla.00000000000031422018 Published with invited commentary from Amy Goldberg MD
Sharfuddin Chowdury, Sultan Bahatheq, Abdullah Alkaraawi, Muhnad M. Falatah, Rakan F. Almutairi, Shoog Alfadhel, Ghazal M. Alruwili, Arief Arrowaili, Biswadev Mitra, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘Surgical site infections after trauma laparotomy: an observational study from a major trauma center in Saudi Arabia.’ Saudi Med J 2019; Vol. 40 (3): 266-270. doi: 10.15537/smj.2019.3.24005
Gerard O'Reilly, Joseph Mathew, Nobhojit Roy, Amit Gupta, Manjul Joshipura, Naveen Sharma, Biswadev Mitra, Peter A Cameron, Madonna Fahey, Teresa Howard, Vineet Kumar, Bhavesh Jarwani, Advait Thakore, Satish Dharap, Pankaj Patel, Ashish Jhakal, Nathan Farrow, Mahesh C Misra, Russell L Gruen, Mark C Fitzgerald. ‘A checklist for trauma quality improvement meetings: a process improvement study.’ Injury, Injury 50 (2019) 1599–1604. 10.1016/j.injury.2019.04.003
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Mark Fitzgerald, Stephanie Reilly, De Villiers Smit, Yesul Kim, Joseph Mathew, Ellaine Boo, Abdulrahman Alqahtani, Sharfuddin Chowdhury, Ahamed Darez, J Mariano Anto Bruno Mascarenhas, Francis O’Keeffe, Michael Noonan, Chris Nickson, Marc Marquez, Wang An Li, Yan Ling Zhang, Kim Williams, Biswadev Mitra. ‘The WHO Trauma Checklist versus Trauma Team Time-out – a Perspective.’ Emergency Medicine Australasia, May 2019. Article DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13306
Gowri Shivasabesan, Gerard M. O’Reilly, Joseph Mathew, Mark C. Fitzgerald, Amit Gupta, Nobhojit Roy, Manjul Joshipura, Naveen Sharma, Peter Cameron, Madonna Fahey, Teresa Howard, Zoe Cheung, Vineet Kumar, Bhavesh Jarwani, Kapil Dev Soni, Pankaj Patel, Advait Thakor, Mahesh Misra, Russell L. Gruen and Biswadev Mitra on behalf of the Australia-India Trauma Systems Collaboration (AITSC). ‘Establishing a Multicentre Trauma Registry in India: An Evaluation of Data Completeness.’ World J Surg. June 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-019-05039-2
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Shah Jahan Mohd Yussof, Shamila Mohamad Ali, Nurul Azlean Norzan, Mohd Amin Mohidin, Anandakumar Krishnan, Ahmad Ibrahim Kamal Batcha, Ahmad Tajuddin Mohamad Nor, Aik Howe Teo, Md Saed Mian, Fatahul Laham Mohamed, Ridzuan Mohd Isa, Mohd Idzwan Zakaria, Mohd Khairizam Mohd Yusoff, Kiat Kee Gan, Joseph Mathew, Mark Fitzgerald, Sabariah Faizah Jamaluddin. ‘Administration of tranexamic acid for victims of severe trauma in Malaysian pre-hospital care ambulance services (PHCAS)’. The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2019 74 (4), 300-306
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P.A. Cameron, M.C. Fitzgerald, K. Curtis, E. McKie, B. Gabbe, A. Earnest, G. Christey, C. Clarke, J. Crozier, M. Dinh, D.Y. Ellis, T. Howard, A.P. Joseph, K. McDermott, J. Matthew, R. Ogilvie, C. Pollard, S. Rao, M. Reade, N. Rushworth, S. Zalstein On behalf of the Australian Trauma Quality Improvement Program (AusTQIP) collaboration. ‘Overview of major traumatic injury in Australia–Implications for trauma system design.’ Injury October 10, 2019;10:58 doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2019.09.036
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Jane E. Ford, Abdulrahman S. Alqahtani, Shatha A. A. Abuzinada, Peter A. Cameron, Mark C. Fitzgerald, Ahmed S. Alenizi and Dina Farjou. ‘Experience gained from the implementation of the Saudi TraumA Registry (STAR)’. BMC Health Services Research (2020) 20:18 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4881-8
Shah Jahan MY, Fitzgerald M, Mathew J, Sabariah Faizah J, Mohammed Azman MR, Mohd Amin M, Shamila MA, Ahmad Ibrahim KB, R Hawari, Nurul Azlean N, Rathini I, Suresh Naidu NN. ‘Incorporating Post Traumatic Amnesia Assessment in Malaysian Emergency Department Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Observation and Disposition.’ M-JEM Vol 4 No.2 August (2019)
Sharfuddin Chowdhury, Sadiq Hussain Almubarak, Khadega Hadi Binsaad, Biswadev Mitra, Mark Christopher Fitzgerald. ‘Vertebral artery injury in major trauma patients in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective cohort study.’ Scientific Reports 10(1):16199 October (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73238-2
Noonan, M., Olaussen, A., Mathew, J., Mitra, B., Smit, D. V., & Fitzgerald, M. (2019). 'What Is the Clinical Evidence Supporting Trauma Team Training (TTT): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis'. Medicina, 55(9), [551]. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090551
Alsenani M, A Alaklobi F, Ford J, Earnest A, Hashem W., Chowdury S, Alenezi A, Fitzgerald M, Cameron P. 'Comparison of trauma management between two major trauma services in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Melbourne, Australia'. BMJ Open 2021;1:e045902. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045902
O'Reilly, G. M., Curtis, K., Kim, Y., Rushworth, N., Mitra, B., Tee, J., Hunter, K., Ryder, C., Hendrie, D., & Fitzgerald, M. C. (2021). 'Establishing determinants and quality indicators for getting home alive following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: the Australian Traumatic Brain Injury National Data Project'. Emergency Medicine Australasia 10.1111/1742-6723.13861. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13861
Fischer A, Fitzgerald M, Curtis K, Balogh ZJ. 'The Australian Trauma Registry (ATR): a leading clinical quality registry'. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2023 Jun 22. doi: 10.1007/s00068-023-02288-8. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37347297
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O'Reilly, G.M., Curtis, K., Mitra, B., Kim, Y., Afroz, A., Hunter, K., Ryder, C., Hendrie, D.V., Rushworth, N., Tee, J., D'Angelo, S., Solly, E., Bhattacharya, O. and Fitzgerald, M.C. (2023), 'Hospitalisations and in-hospital deaths following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in Australia, 2015–20: a registry data analysis for the Australian Traumatic Brain Injury National Data (ATBIND) project'. Med J Aust, 219: 316-324. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.52055
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Touloumis Z, Chowdhury SM, Fitzgerald MC, Aljabri MI, Lodge ME, Ford JE, Mathew JK, Groombridge CJ. 'Comparison of the epidemiology of elderly trauma between major trauma centres in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Melbourne, Australia'. Saudi Med J. 2024 Oct;45(10):1080-1086. doi: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.10.20240307
Amelia Levi, Shailvi Gupta, Sunder Balasubramaniam, Ian Civil, Elaine Cole, Miklosh Bala, Stefano Cioffi, Natasha Caminsky, Osvaldo Chiara, Avraham I. Rivkind, Mark Fitzgerald, Arthur James, Thomas Scalea, Evan Wong, Adam. L. Kushner, Amila Ratnayake. 'LESSONS LEARNED: The Thematic Analysis of Eight Countries with Mature Trauma Systems'. Injury, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2025.112260
Trauma Resuscitation Protocols
Fitzgerald MC, Foord K. ‘Tension Pneumopericardium Following Blunt Trauma’. Emergency Medicine 1993; 5:74-77
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Tan G, Fitzgerald M. ‘Chemical, Biological, Radiological (CBR) Response - A Template for Hospital Emergency Departments’. Med J Aust. 2002; 177: 196-199
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Heng K, Bystrzycki A, Fitzgerald M, Gocentas R, Bernard S, Niggemeyer L, Cooper DJ, Kossmann T. ‘Complications of Intercostal Catheter Insertion Using EMST Techniques for Chest Trauma’. ANZ J Surg (2004) 74 (6), 420-423
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Nathan Bushby, Mark Fitzgerald, Peter Cameron, Silvana Marasco, Adam Bystrzycki, Jeffrey V Rosenfeld, Michael Bailey. ‘Prehospital intubation and chest decompression is associated with unexpected survival in major thoracic blunt trauma’. Emergency Medicine Australasia: EMA 10/2005; 17(5-6). DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2005.00775
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Fitzgerald M, Spencer J, Johnson F, Marasco S, Atkin C, Kossmann T. ‘The Definitive Management of Cardiac Rupture and Tamponade Secondary to Blunt Trauma’. Emergency Medicine Australasia (2005)17;494-499. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2005.00782
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Willis C, Cameron P, Bernard S, Fitzgerald M. ‘CPR after traumatic cardiac arrest is not always futile’. Injury; 2006 May;37(5):448-54
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Mitra B, Mori A, Cameron P, Fitzgerald M, Street A, Bailey M. ‘Massive Blood Transfusion and Trauma Resuscitation’. Injury. 2007 Sep;38(9):1023-9. DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2007.03.021
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Fitzgerald M, Mackenzie C F, Marasco S, Hoyle R, Kossmann T. ‘Pleural Decompression and Drainage during Trauma Reception and Resuscitation’. Injury 2008 Jan:39;9-20. DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2007.07.021
O'Reilly G, Fitzgerald M, Ariyananda PL Jayasekera K, Williams S, Charlton S, Young S, Santeloudi N, Wilson K, Stevens S. ‘Trauma reception and resuscitation in Sri Lanka: The Health for the South Capacity-Building project’. Emergency Medicine Australasia. (2009) 21, 147-152. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2009.01172
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Fitzgerald M, Tan G, Gruen R, DeVilliers Smit P, Martin K, Newton-Brown E, Luckhoff C, Maini A. ‘Emergency Physician Credentialing for Resuscitative Thoracotomy for Trauma’. Emergency Medicine Australasia 22 (2010): 332-336
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Biswadev Mitra, Peter A Cameron, Alfredo Mori, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘Acute coagulopathy and early deaths post major trauma’. Injury 12/2010; 43(1). DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2010.10.015
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Mitra B, Cameron PA, Gruen RL, Mori A, Fitzgerald M, Street A. ‘The definition of massive transfusion in trauma: a critical variable in examining evidence for resuscitation’. Eur J Emerg Med 2011; 18: 137-142. DOI:10.1097/MEJ.0b013e328342310e
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Sean Huang, Ashray Vohora, Matthias K Russ, Joseph K. Mathew, Cecil S. Johnny, Jeremy Stevens, Mark C. Fitzgerald. ‘Delaying urinary catheter insertion in the reception and resuscitation of blunt multitrauma and using a full bladder to tamponade pelvic bleeding.’ Injury Volume 46, Issue 6, June 2015, Pages 1081–1083
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Olaussen A, Peterson EL, Mitra B, O’Reilly G, Jennings P, Fitzgerald M. ‘Massive transfusion prediction with inclusion of the pre-hospital Shock Index’, Injury 46 (2015), pp. 822-826 DOI information: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.12.009
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Fitzgerald, M., Esser, M., Russ, M., Mathew, J., Varma, D., Wilkinson, A., Mannambeth, R. V., Smit, D., Bernard, S., Mitra, B. ‘Pelvic trauma mortality reduced by integrated trauma care’. Emerg Med Australas, 29(4), 2017. 444-449. doi:10.1111/1742-6723.12820
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Chris J Groombridge, Yesul Kim, Amit Maini, de Villiers Smit, Mark C Fitzgerald. ‘Stress and decision-making in resuscitation: A systematic review.’ Resuscitation, 2019 Nov; 144:115-122
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T Tan, H Lee, MS Huang, J Rutges, TE Marion, J Matthew, M Fitzgerald ‘Prophylactic Postoperative Measures to Minimize Surgical Site Infections in Spine Surgery: Systematic Review and Evidence Summary’. The Spine Journal 2019
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Tim Amos, Meei Yeung, Julian Gooi, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘Survival following traumatic thoracic compartment syndrome managed with VV ECMO’ Trauma Case Reports Volume 24, December 2019, 100249 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100249
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Christopher Groombridge, Amit Maini, Francis O’Keeffe, Mike Noonan, Joseph Mathew, De Villiers Smit and Mark Fitzgerald. ‘Clinical Procedures: Large-calibre central access via the subclavian vein’. Emergency Medicine Australasia (2020) 32, 148–150. DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13434
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Christopher Groombridge, Amit Maini, Joseph Mathew, Francis O'Keeffe, Mike Noonan, De Villiers Smit, Mark Fitzgerald, Jin Tee. ‘Decompressive craniotomy’. Emergency Medicine Australasia (April 2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13520T
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Mark C Fitzgerald, Matthew S Yong, Katherine Martin, Adam Zimmet, Silvana F Marasco, Joseph Mathew, De Villiers Smit, Meei Yeung, Gim A Tan, Marc Marquez, Zoe Cheung, Ellaine Boo, Biswadev Mitra. ‘Emergency department resuscitative thoracotomy at an adult major trauma centre: Outcomes following a training programme with standardised indications.’ Emergency Medicine Australasia (2020) 13 May 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13530
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Liam Hannon, Toby St Clair, Karen Smith, Mark Fitzgerald, Biswadev Mitra, Alexander Olaussen, John Moloney, George Braitberg, Rodney Judson, Warwick Teague, Nuala Quinn, Yesul Kim, Stephen Bernard. ‘Finger thoracostomy in patients with chest trauma performed by paramedics on a helicopter emergency medical service.’ Emergency Medicine Australasia (2020) First published:21 June 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13549
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Patryck Lloyd-Donald Dr. MBBS(Hons) BMedSci(Hons) , William Spencer Dr. MD , Jacinta Cheng Dr. MBBS(Hons) BMedSci(Hons) , Lorena Romero Ms. BA MBIT , Ron Jithoo Mr. MBChB FRACS , Andrew Udy Prof. BHB MB ChB FCICM , Mark C. Fitzgerald Prof. MBBS MD FACEM , ‘In adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury, does the use of norepinephrine for augmenting cerebral perfusion pressure improve neurological outcome? A systematic review.’ Injury Volume 51, Issue 10, 2129 - 2134, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2020.07.054
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Mayank Vasudeva, Joseph Mathew, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘Hypocalcaemia in shocked trauma patients: a systematic review’. PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020105135 Available at: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020105135 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343005795_Hypocalcaemia_in_shocked_trauma_patients_a_systematic_review_PROSPERO_Protocol
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Sunjuri Sun, Nan Ravintharan, Karishma Jassal, Rohan Nandurkar, Yen Kim, Ellaine Boo, De Villiers Smit & Mark Fitzgerald. ‘A COVID-19 pandemic consciousness: Droplet contamination and aerosolization during pleural decompression’ Type: Images for Surgeons. ANZ J Surg. (October 2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/ans.16388
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Groombridge, C., Maini, A., O'Keeffe, F., Noonan, M., Smit, D.V., Mathew, J. and Fitzgerald, M. (2021), ‘Resuscitative thoracotomy’. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 33: 138-141. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13689
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Fitzgerald, M., Tan, T., Rosenfeld, J.V., Noonan, M., Tee, J., Ng, E., Mathew, J., Broderick, S., Kim, Y., Groombridge, C., Udy, A. and Mitra, B. (2022), ‘An initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8 or less does not define severe brain injury’. Emergency Medicine Australasia. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13937
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O'Reilly, G.M., Curtis, K., Kim, Y., Rushworth, N., Mitra, B., Tee, J., Hunter, K., Ryder, C., Hendrie, D. and Fitzgerald, M.C. (2021), 'Establishing determinants and quality indicators for getting home alive following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury National Data Project'. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 33: 1121-1123. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13861
Anna Alaska Pendleton, Bhakti Sarang, Monali Mohan, Nakul Raykar, Martin Gerdin Wärnberg, Monty Khajanchi, Satish Dharap, Mark Fitzgerald, Naveen Sharma, Kapil Dev Soni, Gerard O'Reilly, Prashant Bhandarkar, Mahesh Misra, Joseph Mathew, Bhavesh Jarwani, Teresa Howard, Amit Gupta, Peter Cameron, Sanjeev Bhoi, Nobhojit Roy. 'A cohort study of differences in trauma outcomes between females and males at four Indian Urban Trauma Centers', Injury 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2022.07.022
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Helsloot, Dries; Fitzgerald, Mark C.; Lefering, Rolf; Verelst, Sandra; Missant, Carlo. 'The first hour of trauma reception is critical for patients with major thoracic trauma: A retrospective analysis from the Trauma Register DGU'. European Journal of Anaesthesiology, May 03, 2023. | DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001834
Patient and Provider Decision Support Systems
Fitzgerald M, Gocentas R, Dziukas L, Cameron P, Mackenzie C, Farrow N. ‘Using video audit to improve trauma resuscitation – time for a new approach’. Can J Surg, June 2006;49(3):208-11.
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Fitzgerald M, Bystrzycki A, Farrow N, Cameron P, Kossmann T, Sugrue M, Mackenzie C. ‘Trauma Reception & Resuscitation’. ANZ J Surg, 2006:76(8):725 -28. DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.2006.03841
Mackenzie CF, Xiao Y, Hu FM, Seagull J, Fitzgerald M. ‘Video as a Tool for Improving Tracheal Intubation Tasks for Emergency Medical and Trauma Care’.AnnEmMed.2007Oct;50(4):436-442. DOI:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.06.487
Nathan Farrow, Angela Murray, Mark Fitzgerald, Pamela Scicluna. ‘Video audit of trauma—Keeping it ethical, keeping it manageable.’ Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal 11/2007; 10(4). DOI:10.1016/j.aenj.2007.09.028
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Nathan Farrow, Angela Murray, Mark Fitzgerald, Geraldine Lee. ‘Using software to manage error in trauma resuscitation—Does it work?’ Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal 11/2007; 10(4). DOI:10.1016/j.aenj.2007.09.029
S. Jeffcott, N. Farrow, S. Marshall, M. Fitzgerald, P. Cameron. ‘Optimising trauma team performance’. Injury 07/2010; 41. DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2010.01.046
M. Fitzgerald. ‘Successfully reducing medical errors in the ED’. Injury 07/2010; 41. DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2010.01.041
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Fitzgerald M, Cameron P, Mackenzie C, Farrow N, Scicluna P, Gocentas R, Bystrzycki A, Lee G, O’Reilly G, Andrianopoulos N, Dziukas L, Cooper DJ, Silvers A, Mori A, Smith S, Xiao Y, Stub D, McDermott FT, Rosenfeld JV. ‘Trauma Resuscitation Errors and Computer-Assisted Decision Support’. Arch Surg 2011; 146(2):218-225.
Olaussen A, Blackburn T, Mitra B, Fitzgerald M. ‘Review article: Shock Index for prediction of critical bleeding post-trauma: A systematic review’. Emerg Med Australas. 2014. Epub 2014/04/10. DOI:10.1111/1742-6723.12232
Leonard Hoon, Felix Ter Chian Tan, Rajesh Vasa, Mark Christopher Fitzgerald. ‘ICT-Enabled Time-Critical Clinical Practices: Examining the Affordances of an Information Processing Solution.’ Australasian Journal of Information Systems 19 Nov 2015. DOI:10.3127/ajisv1910.1146.
Nabil Chowdury, Peter Finnegan, Mark Christopher Fitzgerald, Wing Kong Chiu, ‘The Need for Casualty Care Decision Support in Civilian and Defense Sectors.’ Procedia Engineering 188:301-308, December 2017, DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.488.
Kim Y, Groombridge C, Romero L, Clare S, Fitzgerald MC. ‘Decision support capabilities of telemedicine in emergency prehospital care: a systematic review.’ JMIR Preprints. 29/03/2020:18959; DOI: 10.2196/preprints.18959
Mark C. Fitzgerald, Amit Gupta, Sanjeev Kumar Bhoi, Yesul Kim, Ankita Sharma, Ashish Jhakal, Joseph Mathew, Mahesh Chandra Misra (2021) ‘A Preliminary Trial of the Introduction of Computerized Decision Support to Assist Resuscitation of the Severely Injured in a Level 1 Trauma Centre in India’. Indian J Surgery. 2:1-6.
Groombridge CJ, Maini A, Ayton D, Soh S-E, Walsham N, Kim Y, Fitzgerald M. 'Emergency physicians’ experience of stress during resuscitation and strategies for mitigating the effects of stress on performance'. Emergency Medicine Journal 2022;39:839-846. doi:10.1136/emermed-2021-211280
Fitzgerald, M.C., Noonan, M., Lim, E., Mathew, J.K., Boo, E., Stergiou, H.E., Kim, Y., Reilly, S., Groombridge, C., Maini, A., Williams, K. and Mitra, B. (2022), 'Multi-disciplinary, simulation-based, standardised trauma team training within the Victorian State Trauma System'. Emergency Medicine Australasia. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.14068
Biomedical Technology Research and Development
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Fitzgerald MC, Chan JY, Ross AW, Liew SM, Butt WW, Baguley D, Salem HH, Russ M, Deasy C, Martin K, Mathew JK, Rosenfeld JV. ‘A synthetic haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier and the reversal of cardiac hypoxia secondary to severe anaemia following trauma’. Med J Aust 2011; 194: 471-473.
Marasco SF, Davies AR, Cooper J, Varma D, Bennett V, Nevill R, Lee G, Bailey M, Fitzgerald M. ‘Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of Operative Rib Fixation in Traumatic Flail Chest’. J Am Coll Surg. 2013 May;216(5):924-322013. doi:pii: S1072-7515(12)01429-9.
Fei Bing, Mark Fitzgerald, Alexander Olaussen, Peter Finnegan, Gerard O’Reilly, Rob Gocentas, Helen Stergiou, Anna Korin, Silvana Marasco, David McGiffin. ‘Identifying a Safe Site for Intercostal Catheter Insertion Using the Mid-Arm Point (MAP)’, Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 2017(1):3. May 2017. DOI: 10.5339/jemtac.2017.3
K. Chiu, W.H. Ong, M. Russ, M. Fitzgerald. ‘Simulated vibrational analysis of internally fixated femur to monitor healing at various fracture angles’. Procedia Engineering, May 2017 188:408-414. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.502
Matthew Hao Lee, Biswadev Mitra, Jiun Kae Pui, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘The use and uptake of pupilometers in the Intensive Care Unit.’ Australian Critical Care 17 July 2017 doi 10.1016/j.aucc.2017.06.003
Russ M, Chiu W, Ong HW, Tran T, Russ M, Fitzgerald M. ‘Development of a novel osseointegrated endoprosthesis, combining orthopaedic and engineering design principles, and structural health monitoring conc’. Struct Health Monit. 2017. https ://doi.org/10.12783 /shm20 17/14244
Adam Bystrzycki, Yesul Kim, Mark Fitzgerald, Lorena Romero, Steven Clare. ‘Heads-Up-Displays (HUDs) and their Impact on Cognitive Load during Task Performance: A Protocol for Systematic Review.’ Biomed J Sci & Tech Res, Feb 2018, DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.02.000775
P. Finnegan, M. Fitzgerald, D. Smit, K. Martin, J. Mathew, D. Varma, A. Lim, S. Scott, K. Williams, Y. Kim, B. Mitra. ‘Video-tube thoracostomy in trauma resuscitation: A pilot study.’ Injury 50 (2019) 90–95 DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2018.08.007
Benjamin Steven Vien, Wing Kong Chiu, Matthias Russ, Mark Fitzgerald. ‘A quantitative approach for the bone-implant osseointegration assessment based on ultrasonic elastic guided waves.’ Sensors January 2019 19(3):454. DOI:10.3390/s19030454
Wing Kong Chiu, Benjamin Steven Vien, Matthias Russ, Mark Christopher Fitzgerald. ‘Healing assessment of fractured femur treated with an intramedullary nail.’ Structural Health Monitoring, February 2019 DOI: 10.1177/1475921718816781
WK Chiu, WH Ong, M Russ, T Tran, M Fitzgerald ‘Effects of mass loading on the viability of assessing the state of healing of a fixated fractured long bone’. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering. Jan 2019. DOI: 10.1177/2055668319842806
Chiu, W.K.; Vien, B.S.; Russ, M.; Fitzgerald, M. ‘Towards a Non-Invasive Technique for Healing Assessment of Internally Fixated Femur’. Sensors 2019, 19, 857. DOI:10.3390/s19040857
Chiu W, Vien B, Russ M, Fitzgerald M. ‘Vibration-Based Healing Assessment of an Internally Fixated Femur’. ASME J Non-destructive Evaluation. 2019;2(2):021003-021003-11. doi:10.1115/1.4043276.
Lu B.S., Vien M., Russ M., Fitzgerald, W.K. Chiu. ‘Non‑radiative healing assessment techniques for fractured long bones and osseointegrated implants.’ Biomedical Engineering Letters, 12 July 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13534-019-00120
W.K. Chiu, W.H. Ong, M Russ, T. Tran, M. Fitzgerald. ‘Using remote measurement strategies for the healing assessment of an internally fixated femur’. ASME J Nondestructive Evaluation. May 2019, 2(2): 021003. doi.org/10.1115/1.4043276
Vien, B., Chiu, W., Russ, M., Fitzgerald, M. ‘An ultrasonic stress wave approach on quantitative osseointegration assessment of a novel implant.’ Structural Health Monitoring 2019: Enabling Intelligent Life-Cycle Health Management for Industry Internet of Things (IIOT) - Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring Volume 2, 2019, Pages 2031-2036.
Mark Fitzgerald, Robbie Lendrum, Stephen Bernard, John Moloney, De Villiers Smit, Joseph Mathew, Yesul Kim, Christopher Nickson, Richard Lin, Meei Yeung, Adam Bystrzycki, Louise Niggemeyer, Simon Hendel, Biswadev Mitra. ‘A Feasibility Study for Implementation of Resuscitative Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) in Peri-arrest, Exsanguinating Trauma at an Adult Level 1 Australian Trauma Centre’. Emergency Medicine Australasia, December 2019. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.13443
Vien BS, Chiu WK, Russ M, Fitzgerald M. ‘A vibration analysis strategy for quantitative fracture healing assessment of an internally fixated femur with mass-loading effect of soft tissue’. Structural Health Monitoring. December 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921720978224
Lovelock T, Cheng A, Doi A, Zimmet A, Gooi J, Fitzgerald M. ‘Blunt bronchial injury management with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation providing a peri-operative 'survival bridge'. Trauma Case Rep. (2020) 31:100388. Published 2020 Dec 10. doi:10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100388
Shouxun Lu, Benjamin Steven Vien, Matthias Russ, Mark Fitzgerald, Wing Kong Chiu. ‘Quantitative Monitoring of Osseointegrated Implant Stability Using Vibration Analysis’, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 18, pp 87-94, 2021. https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-11
Timothy Amos, Holly Bannon-Murphy, Meei Yeung, Julian Gooi, Silvana Marasco, Andrew Udy, Mark Fitzgerald, 'ECMO (Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation) in major trauma: A 10-year single centre experience', Injury, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2021.03.058.
Vien BS, Chiu WK, Russ M, Fitzgerald M. 'A vibration analysis strategy for quantitative fracture healing assessment of an internally fixated femur with mass-loading effect of soft tissue'. Structural Health Monitoring. 2021;20(6):2993-3006. doi:10.1177/1475921720978224
Vien BS, Chiu WK, Russ M, Fitzgerald M. 'Modal Frequencies Associations with Musculoskeletal Components of Human Legs for Extracorporeal Bone Healing Assessment Based on a Vibration Analysis Approach'. Sensors. 2022; 22(2):670. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020670
Lu S, Vien BS, Russ M, Fitzgerald M, Chiu WK. 'Experimental Investigation of Vibration Analysis on Implant Stability for a Novel Implant Design'. Sensors. 2022; 22(4):1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041685
Fitzgerald, M., Allen, T., Bai, S., Mitra, B., Chiu, W., Helsloot, D., Groombridge, C., Mathew, J. and Kim, Y. (2022), 'Pleural decompression procedural safety for traumatic pneumothorax and haemothorax: Kelly clamps versus fine artery forceps'. Emergency Medicine Australasia. https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.14019
Marasco SF, Balogh Zsolt J, Wullschleger, Martin E. Hsu, Jeremy, Patel, Bhavik, Fitzgerald, Martin, Kate, Summerhayes, Robyn, Bailey, Michael PhD. 'Rib fixation in non–ventilator-dependent chest wall injuries: A prospective randomized trial'. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery: June 2022 - Volume 92 - Issue 6 - p 1047-1053 doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000003549
Mathew, J.K., and Fitzgerald, M.C. 'Damage Control Interventional Radiology (DCIR): Evolving Value of Interventional Radiology in Trauma'. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol (2022). 45 (11), 1757-1758. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-022-03241-9
Lu S, Vien BS, Russ M, Fitzgerald M, Chiu WK. 'Monitoring Osseointegration Process Using Vibration Analysis'. Sensors. 2022; 22(18):6727. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22186727
Pilgrim, C. H. C. & Fitzgerald, M. 'Novel approaches to point of injury care utilising robotic and autonomous systems'. Journal of Military and Veterans' Health. Oct (2022) 30, 4, p. 6-10.
Mark Fitzgerald, Peter Finnegan, CHIU Wing, Nayeem Chowdhury, Nabil Chowdhury. 'Surgical System and Method of Use'. US Patent Office 11,690,938, July 4th, 2023. US11690938B2 - Surgical system and method of use - Google Patents
Green, M.L., Kim, Y., Hendel, S., Groombridge, C.J., Fitzgerald, M. (2024) 'Review article: Feasibility of brachiocephalic vein central venous access for the resuscitation of shocked adult trauma patients: A literature review'. Emergency Medicine Australasia; 36: 6-12, https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.14332
Zhou Q, Rose LRF, Ebeling P, Russ M, Fitzgerald M, Chiu WK. 'Harmonic Vibration Analysis in a Simplified Model for Monitoring Transfemoral Implant Loosening'. Sensors. 2024; 24(19):6453. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196453